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Special events  | enregistrements trouvés : 30

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Post-edited  Lagrange's research on the nature and propagation of sound Darrigol, Olivier (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

The most important works of the young Lagrange were two very learned memoirs on sound and its propagation. In a tour de force of mathematical analysis, he solved the relevant partial differential equations in a novel manner and he applied the solutions to a number of acoustic problems. Although Euler and d'Alembert may have been the only contemporaries who fully appreciated these memoirs, their contents anticipated much more of Fourier analysis than is usually believed. On the physical side, Lagrange properly explained the functioning of string and air-column instruments, although he did not accept harmonic analysis as we now understand it.
Lagrange - acoustics - propagation of sound - harmonic analysis - Fourier analysis - vibrating strings - organ pipes
The most important works of the young Lagrange were two very learned memoirs on sound and its propagation. In a tour de force of mathematical analysis, he solved the relevant partial differential equations in a novel manner and he applied the solutions to a number of acoustic problems. Although Euler and d'Alembert may have been the only contemporaries who fully appreciated these memoirs, their contents anticipated much more of Fourier analysis ...

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Post-edited  On the space highway to Lagrange points! Trélat, Emmanuel (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Everything is under control: mathematics optimize everyday life.
In an empirical way we are able to do many things with more or less efficiency or success. When one wants to achieve a parallel parking, consequences may sometimes be ridiculous... But when one wants to launch a rocket or plan interplanetary missions, better is to be sure of what we do.
Control theory is a branch of mathematics that allows to control, optimize and guide systems on which one can act by means of a control, like for example a car, a robot, a space shuttle, a chemical reaction or in more general a process that one aims at steering to some desired target state.
Emmanuel Trélat will overview the range of applications of that theory through several examples, sometimes funny, but also historical. He will show you that the study of simple cases of our everyday life, far from insignificant, allow to approach problems like the orbit transfer or interplanetary mission design.
Everything is under control: mathematics optimize everyday life.
In an empirical way we are able to do many things with more or less efficiency or success. When one wants to achieve a parallel parking, consequences may sometimes be ridiculous... But when one wants to launch a rocket or plan interplanetary missions, better is to be sure of what we do.
Control theory is a branch of mathematics that allows to control, optimize and guide systems on ...

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Post-edited  Extended Lagrange spaces and optimal control Mehrmann, Volker (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Mathematical modeling and numerical mathematics of today is very much Lagrangian and modern automated modeling techniques lead to differential-algebraic systems. The optimal control for such systems in general cannot be obtained using the classical Euler-Lagrange approach or the maximum principle, but it is shown how this approach can be extended.

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Multi angle  On the discovery of Lagrange multipliers Wanner, Gerhard (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

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Multi angle  Lagrange and water waves Saut, Jean-Claude (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Lagrange - 19th century - water waves

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Multi angle  Mathematical and numerical aspects of Lagrangian fluid mechanics Després, Bruno (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Lagrange - history of mathematics - 19th century - fluid mechanics

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Multi angle  When he was one hundred years old! Verdier, Norbert (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

In this talk we will don't speak about Joseph-Louis Lagrange (1736-1813) but about Lagrange's reception at the nineteenth Century. "Who read Lagrange at this Times?", "Why and How?", "What does it mean being a mathematician or doing mathematics at this Century" are some of the questions of our conference. We will give some elements of answers and the case Lagrange will be a pretext in order to explain what are doing historians of mathematics: searching archives and - thanks to a methodology - trying to understand, read and write the Past.
Lagrange - mathematical press - complete works - bibliographic index of mathematical sciences (1894-1912) - Liouville - Boussinesq - Terquem
In this talk we will don't speak about Joseph-Louis Lagrange (1736-1813) but about Lagrange's reception at the nineteenth Century. "Who read Lagrange at this Times?", "Why and How?", "What does it mean being a mathematician or doing mathematics at this Century" are some of the questions of our conference. We will give some elements of answers and the case Lagrange will be a pretext in order to explain what are doing historians of mathematics: ...

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Multi angle  Billiard and rigid rotation Treschev, Dmitry (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Can a billiard map be locally conjugated to a rigid rotation? We prove that the answer to this question is positive in the category of formal series. We also present numerical evidence that for "good" rotation angles the answer is also positive in an analytic category.
billiard systems # integrable Hamiltonian systems # normal form convergence # small divisors # elliptic fixed point # analytic conjugacy

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Multi angle  Continuous and discrete uncertainty principles Torrésani, Bruno (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Uncertainty principles go back to the early years of quantum mechanics. Originally introduced to describe the impossibility for a function to be sharply localized in both the direct and Fourier spaces, localization being measured by variance, it has been generalized to many other situations, including different representation spaces and different localization measures.
In this talk we first review classical results on variance uncertainty inequalities (in particular Heisenberg, Robertson and Breitenberger inequalities). We then focus on discrete (and in particular finite-dimensional) situations, where variance has to be replaced with more suitable localization measures. We then present recent results on support and entropic inequalities, describing joint localization properties of vector expansions with respect to two frames.

Keywords: uncertainty principle - variance of a function - Heisenberg inequality - support inequalities - entropic inequalities
Uncertainty principles go back to the early years of quantum mechanics. Originally introduced to describe the impossibility for a function to be sharply localized in both the direct and Fourier spaces, localization being measured by variance, it has been generalized to many other situations, including different representation spaces and different localization measures.
In this talk we first review classical results on variance uncertainty ...

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Multi angle  Sound, music and wavelets in Marseille Kronland-Martinet, Richard (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

In this conference, I start by presenting the first applications and developments of wavelet methods made in Marseille in 1985 in the framework of sounds and music. A description of the earliest wavelet transform implementation using the SYTER processor is given followed by a discussion related to the first signal analysis investigations. Sound examples of the initial sound transformations obtained by altering the wavelet representation are further presented. Then methods aiming at estimating sound synthesis parameters such as amplitude and frequency modulation laws are described. Finally, new challenges brought by these early works are presented, focusing on the relationship between low-level synthesis parameters and sound perception and cognition. An example of the use of the wavelet transforms to estimate sound invariants related to the evocation of the "object" and the "action" is presented.

Keywords : sound and music - first wavelet applications - signal analysis - sound synthesis - fast wavelet algorithms - instantaneous frequency estimation - sound invariants
In this conference, I start by presenting the first applications and developments of wavelet methods made in Marseille in 1985 in the framework of sounds and music. A description of the earliest wavelet transform implementation using the SYTER processor is given followed by a discussion related to the first signal analysis investigations. Sound examples of the initial sound transformations obtained by altering the wavelet representation are ...

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Multi angle  Noncommutative geometry and time-frequency analysis Luef, Franz (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

In my talk I am presenting a link between time-frequency analysis and noncommutative geometry. In particular, a connection between the Moyal plane, noncommutative tori and time-frequency analysis. After a brief description of a dictionary between these two areas I am going to explain some consequences for time-frequency analysis and noncommutative geometry such as the construction of projections in the mentioned operator algebras and Gabor frames.

Keywords: modulation spaces - Banach-Gelfand triples - noncommutative tori - Moyal plane - noncommutative geometry - deformation quantization
In my talk I am presenting a link between time-frequency analysis and noncommutative geometry. In particular, a connection between the Moyal plane, noncommutative tori and time-frequency analysis. After a brief description of a dictionary between these two areas I am going to explain some consequences for time-frequency analysis and noncommutative geometry such as the construction of projections in the mentioned operator algebras and Gabor ...

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Multi angle  Phase-space delocalization Paul, Thierry (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

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Multi angle  An " ISI " perspective on wavelets Flandrin, Patrick (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

The introduction of wavelets in the mid 80's has significantly reshaped some areas of the scientific landscape by establishing bridges between previously disconnected domains, and eventually leading to a new paradigm. This generally accepted-yet loose-claim can be given a more precise form by exploiting bibliometric databases such as the ISI Web of Science. Preliminary results in this direction will be reported here, based on multiple entries where authors, references, keywords and disciplines are used as nodes of a network in which the links correspond to their co-appearance in the same paper. While the evolution in time of such an " heterogeneous net " gives a quantified perspective on the birth and growth of wavelets as a well-identified scientific field of its own, it also raises many interpretation issues (related, e.g., to automation vs. expertise) whose implications go beyond this peculiar case study.

Keywords : wavelets - history - bibliometry - network, paradigm
The introduction of wavelets in the mid 80's has significantly reshaped some areas of the scientific landscape by establishing bridges between previously disconnected domains, and eventually leading to a new paradigm. This generally accepted-yet loose-claim can be given a more precise form by exploiting bibliometric databases such as the ISI Web of Science. Preliminary results in this direction will be reported here, based on multiple entries ...

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Multi angle  Continuous (semi-)frames revisited Antoine, Jean-Pierre (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

We start by recalling the essential features of frames, both discrete and continuous, with some emphasis on the notion of frame duality. Then we turn to generalizations, namely upper and lower semi-frames, and their duality. Next we consider arbitrary measurable maps and examine the standard operators, analysis, synthesis and frame operators, and study their properties. Finally we analyze the recent notion of reproducing pairs. In view of their duality structure, we introduce two natural partial inner product spaces and formulate a number of open questions.

Keywords: continuous frames - semi-frames - frame duality - reproducing pairs - partial inner product spaces
We start by recalling the essential features of frames, both discrete and continuous, with some emphasis on the notion of frame duality. Then we turn to generalizations, namely upper and lower semi-frames, and their duality. Next we consider arbitrary measurable maps and examine the standard operators, analysis, synthesis and frame operators, and study their properties. Finally we analyze the recent notion of reproducing pairs. In view of their ...

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Multi angle  The joy and pain of wavelets in numerical simulation Cohen, Albert (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

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Multi angle  Sound, music and wavelets in Marseille: A reminder of early sonic representations and of the encounter with wavelets Risset, Jean-Claude (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

This presentation reminds of some early sonic representations and of their utility for musical sound synthesis and processing, prior to the introduction of wavelets by Morlet and Grossmann. It reminds the circumstances of the work performed at the Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique, Marseille, by Richard Kronland-Martinet with Alex Grossmann on wavelet transforms of sounds and by Daniel Arfib and Frédéric Boyer on the Gabor representation. It is illustrated by short sound and video examples.

Keywords: wavelets - Gabor - analysis-synthesis - computer music
This presentation reminds of some early sonic representations and of their utility for musical sound synthesis and processing, prior to the introduction of wavelets by Morlet and Grossmann. It reminds the circumstances of the work performed at the Laboratoire de Mécanique et d'Acoustique, Marseille, by Richard Kronland-Martinet with Alex Grossmann on wavelet transforms of sounds and by Daniel Arfib and Frédéric Boyer on the Gabor representation. ...

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Multi angle  High dimensional learning from images to physics Mallat, Stéphane (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

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Multi angle  From function spaces to stylometry: the wavelet bridge Jaffard, Stéphane (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

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Multi angle  Wavelets and signal processing: a match made in heaven Vetterli, Martin (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

In this talk, we will briefly look at the history of wavelets, from signal processing algorithms originating in speech and image processing, and harmonic analysis constructions of orthonormal bases. We review the promises, the achievements, and some of the limitations of wavelet applications, with JPEG and JPEG2000 as examples. We then take two key insights from the wavelet and signal processing experience, namely the time-frequency-scale view of the world, and the sparsity property of wavelet expansions, and present two recent results. First, we show new bounds for the time-frequency spread of sequences, and construct maximally compact sequences. Interestingly they differ from sampled Gaussians. Next, we review work on sampling of finite rate of innovation signals, which are sparse continuous-time signals for which sampling theorems are possible. We conclude by arguing that the interface of signal processing and applied harmonic analysis has been both fruitful and fun, and try to identify lessons learned from this experience.

Keywords: wavelets - filter banks - subband coding - uncertainty principle - sampling theory - sparse sampling
In this talk, we will briefly look at the history of wavelets, from signal processing algorithms originating in speech and image processing, and harmonic analysis constructions of orthonormal bases. We review the promises, the achievements, and some of the limitations of wavelet applications, with JPEG and JPEG2000 as examples. We then take two key insights from the wavelet and signal processing experience, namely the time-frequency-scale view ...

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Multi angle  Wavelet theory, coorbit spaces and ramifications Feichtinger, Hans G. (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Coorbit theory was developed in the late eighties as a unifying principle covering (possible non-)orthogonal frame expansions in the wavelet and in the time-frequency context. Very much in the spirit of " coherent frames " or also reproducing kernels for a Moebius invariant Banach space of analytic functions one can describe a family of function spaces associated with a given integrable and irreducible group representation on a Hilbert space by its generalized wavelet transform, and obtain (among others) atomic decomposition results for the resulting spaces. The theory was flexible enough to cover also more recent examples, such as voice transforms related to the Blaschke group or the spaces (and frames) related to the shearlet transform.
As time permits I will talk also on the role of Banach frames and the usefulness of Banach Gelfand triples, especially the one based on the Segal algebra $S_0(G)$, which happens to be a modulation space, in fact the minimal among all time-frequency invariant non-trivial function spaces.

Keywords: wavelet theory - time-frequency analysis - modulation spaces - Banach-Gelfand-triples - Toeplitz operators - atomic decompositions - function spaces - shearlet transform - Blaschke group
Coorbit theory was developed in the late eighties as a unifying principle covering (possible non-)orthogonal frame expansions in the wavelet and in the time-frequency context. Very much in the spirit of " coherent frames " or also reproducing kernels for a Moebius invariant Banach space of analytic functions one can describe a family of function spaces associated with a given integrable and irreducible group representation on a Hilbert space by ...

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