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# Documents : Post-edited  Conférences Vidéo Chapitrées | enregistrements trouvés : 200

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## Post-edited  Introduction to quantum optics - Lecture 1 Zoller, Peter (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Quantum optical systems provides one of the best physical settings to engineer quantum many-body systems of atoms and photons, which can be controlled and measured on the level of single quanta. In this course we will provide an introduction to quantum optics from the perspective of control and measurement, and in light of possible applications including quantum computing and quantum communication.
The first part of the course will introduce the basic quantum optical systems and concepts as ’closed’ (i.e. isolated) quantum systems. We start with laser driven two-level atoms, the Jaynes-Cummings model of Cavity Quantum Electro-dynamics, and illustrate with the example of trapped ions control of the quantum motion of atoms via laser light. This will lead us to the model system of an ion trap quantum computer where we employ control ideas to design quantum gates.
In the second part of the course we will consider open quantum optical systems. Here the system of interest is coupled to a bosonic bath or environment (e.g. vacuum modes of the radiation field), providing damping and decoherence. We will develop the theory for the example of a radiatively damped two-level atom, and derive the corresponding master equation, and discuss its solution and physical interpretation. On a more advanced level, and as link to the mathematical literature, we establish briefly the connection to topics like continuous measurement theory (of photon counting), the Quantum Stochastic Schrödinger Equation, and quantum trajectories (here as as time evolution of a radiatively damped atom conditional to observing a given photon count trajectory). As an example of the application of the formalism we discuss quantum state transfer in a quantum optical network.
Parts of this video related to ongoing unpublished research have been cut off.
Quantum optical systems provides one of the best physical settings to engineer quantum many-body systems of atoms and photons, which can be controlled and measured on the level of single quanta. In this course we will provide an introduction to quantum optics from the perspective of control and measurement, and in light of possible applications including quantum computing and quantum communication.
The first part of the course will introduce the ...

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## Post-edited  The Verlinde formula for Higgs bundles Andersen, Jorgen Ellegaard (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

In this talk we will present a Verlinde formula for the quantization of the Higgs bundle moduli spaces and stacks for any simple and simply-connected group. We further present a Verlinde formula for the quantization of parabolic Higgs bundle moduli spaces and stacks. We will explain how all these dimensions fit into a one parameter family of 2D TQFT’s, encoded in a one parameter family of Frobenius algebras, which we will construct.

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## Post-edited  Stable models for modular curves in prime level Parent, Pierre (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

We describe stable models for modular curves associated with all maximal subgroups in prime level, including in particular the new case of non-split Cartan curves.
Joint work with Bas Edixhoven.

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## Post-edited  Avoiding Jacobians Masser, David (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

It is classical that, for example, there is a simple abelian variety of dimension $4$ which is not the jacobian of any curve of genus $4$, and it is not hard to see that there is one defined over the field of all algebraic numbers $\overline{\bf Q}$. In $2012$ Chai and Oort asked if there is a simple abelian fourfold, defined over $\overline{\bf Q}$, which is not even isogenous to any jacobian. In the same year Tsimerman answered ''yes''. Recently Zannier and I have done this over the rationals $\bf Q$, and with ''yes, almost all''. In my talk I will explain ''almost all'' the concepts involved.
It is classical that, for example, there is a simple abelian variety of dimension $4$ which is not the jacobian of any curve of genus $4$, and it is not hard to see that there is one defined over the field of all algebraic numbers $\overline{\bf Q}$. In $2012$ Chai and Oort asked if there is a simple abelian fourfold, defined over $\overline{\bf Q}$, which is not even isogenous to any jacobian. In the same year Tsimerman answered ''yes''. ...

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## Post-edited  Distributive Aronszajn trees Rinot, Assaf (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

It is well-known that the statement "all $\aleph_1$-Aronszajn trees are special'' is consistent with ZFC (Baumgartner, Malitz, and Reinhardt), and even with ZFC+GCH (Jensen). In contrast, Ben-David and Shelah proved that, assuming GCH, for every singular cardinal $\lambda$: if there exists a $\lambda^+$-Aronszajn tree, then there exists a non-special one. Furthermore:
Theorem (Ben-David and Shelah, 1986) Assume GCH and that $\lambda$ is singular cardinal. If there exists a special $\lambda^+$-Aronszajn tree, then there exists a $\lambda$-distributive $\lambda^+$-Aronszajn tree.
This suggests that following stronger statement:
Conjecture. Assume GCH and that $\lambda$ is singular cardinal.
If there exists a $\lambda^+$-Aronszajn tree,
then there exists a $\lambda$-distributive $\lambda^+$-Aronszajn tree.

The assumption that there exists a $\lambda^+$-Aronszajn tree is a very mild square-like hypothesis (that is, $\square(\lambda^+,\lambda)$).
In order to bloom a $\lambda$-distributive tree from it, there is a need for a toolbox, each tool taking an abstract square-like sequence and producing a sequence which is slightly better than the original one.
For this, we introduce the monoid of postprocessing functions and study how it acts on the class of abstract square sequences.
We establish that, assuming GCH, the monoid contains some very powerful functions. We also prove that the monoid is closed under various mixing operations.
This allows us to prove a theorem which is just one step away from verifying the conjecture:

Theorem 1. Assume GCH and that $\lambda$ is a singular cardinal.
If $\square(\lambda^+,<\lambda)$ holds, then there exists a $\lambda$-distributive $\lambda^+$-Aronszajn tree.
Another proof, involving a 5-steps chain of applications of postprocessing functions, is of the following theorem.

Theorem 2. Assume GCH. If $\lambda$ is a singular cardinal and $\square(\lambda^+)$ holds, then there exists a $\lambda^+$-Souslin tree which is coherent mod finite.

This is joint work with Ari Brodsky. See: http://assafrinot.com/paper/29
It is well-known that the statement "all $\aleph_1$-Aronszajn trees are special'' is consistent with ZFC (Baumgartner, Malitz, and Reinhardt), and even with ZFC+GCH (Jensen). In contrast, Ben-David and Shelah proved that, assuming GCH, for every singular cardinal $\lambda$: if there exists a $\lambda^+$-Aronszajn tree, then there exists a non-special one. Furthermore:
Theorem (Ben-David and Shelah, 1986) Assume GCH and that $\lambda$ is singular ...

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## Post-edited  Periods of polarized hyperkähler manifolds​ Debarre, Olivier (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Hyperkähler manifolds are higher-dimensional analogs of K3 surfaces. Verbitsky and Markmann recently proved that their period map is an open embedding. In a joint work with E. Macri, we explicitly determine the image of this map in some cases. I will explain this result together with a nice application (found by Bayer and Mongardi) to the (almost complete) determination of the image of the period map for cubic fourfolds, hereby partially recovering a result of Laza.
Hyperkähler manifolds are higher-dimensional analogs of K3 surfaces. Verbitsky and Markmann recently proved that their period map is an open embedding. In a joint work with E. Macri, we explicitly determine the image of this map in some cases. I will explain this result together with a nice application (found by Bayer and Mongardi) to the (almost complete) determination of the image of the period map for cubic fourfolds, hereby partially ...

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## Post-edited  Invariants of ternary forms under the orthogonal group Hubert, Evelyne (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Classical invariant theory has essentially addressed the action of the general linear group on homogeneous polynomials. Yet the orthogonal group arises in applications as the relevant group of transformations, especially in 3 dimensional space. Having a complete set of invariants for its action on ternary quartics, i.e. degree 4 homogeneous polynomials in 3 variables, is, for instance, relevant in determining biomarkers for white matter from diffusion MRI.
We characterize a generating set of rational invariants of the orthogonal group acting on even degree forms by their restriction on a slice. These restrictions are invariant under the octahedral group and their explicit formulae are given compactly in terms of equivariant maps. The invariants of the orthogonal group can then be obtained in an explicit way, but their numerical evaluation can be achieved more robustly using their restrictions. The exhibited set of generators futhermore allows us to solve the inverse problem and the rewriting.
Central in obtaining the invariants for higher degree forms is the preliminary construction, with explicit formulae, for a basis of harmonic polynomials with octahedral symmetry, dif- ferent, though related, to cubic harmonics.
This is joint work with Paul Görlach (now at MPI Leipzig), in a joint project with Téo Papadopoulo (Inria Méditerranée).
Classical invariant theory has essentially addressed the action of the general linear group on homogeneous polynomials. Yet the orthogonal group arises in applications as the relevant group of transformations, especially in 3 dimensional space. Having a complete set of invariants for its action on ternary quartics, i.e. degree 4 homogeneous polynomials in 3 variables, is, for instance, relevant in determining biomarkers for white matter from ...

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## Post-edited  The evolution of cooperation in an iterated survival game Wakeley, John (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

A new type of a simple iterated game with natural biological motivation is introduced. Two individuals are chosen at random from a population. They must survive a certain number of steps. They start together, but if one of them dies the other one tries to survive on its own. The only payoff is to survive the game. We only allow two strategies: cooperators help the other individual, while defectors do not. There is no strategic complexity. There are no conditional strategies. Depending on the number of steps we recover various forms of stringent and relaxed cooperative dilemmas. We derive conditions for the evolution of cooperation.
Specifically, we describe an iterated game between two players, in which the payoff is to survive a number of steps. Expected payoffs are probabilities of survival. A key feature of the game is that individuals have to survive on their own if their partner dies. We consider individuals with simple, unconditional strategies. When both players are present, each step is a symmetric two-player game. As the number of iterations tends to infinity, all probabilities of survival decrease to zero. We obtain general, analytical results for n-step payoffs and use these to describe how the game changes as n increases. In order to predict changes in the frequency of a cooperative strategy over time, we embed the survival game in three different models of a large, well-mixed population. Two of these models are deterministic and one is stochastic. Offspring receive their parent’s type without modification and fitnesses are determined by the game. Increasing the number of iterations changes the prospects for cooperation. All models become neutral in the limit $(n \rightarrow \infty)$. Further, if pairs of cooperative individuals survive together with high probability, specifically higher than for any other pair and for either type when it is alone, then cooperation becomes favored if the number of iterations is large enough. This holds regardless of the structure of pairwise interactions in a single step. Even if the single-step interaction is a Prisoner’s Dilemma, the cooperative type becomes favored. Enhanced survival is crucial in these iterated evolutionary games: if players in pairs start the game with a fitness deficit relative to lone individuals, the prospects for cooperation can become even worse than in the case of a single-step game.
A new type of a simple iterated game with natural biological motivation is introduced. Two individuals are chosen at random from a population. They must survive a certain number of steps. They start together, but if one of them dies the other one tries to survive on its own. The only payoff is to survive the game. We only allow two strategies: cooperators help the other individual, while defectors do not. There is no strategic complexity. There ...

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## Post-edited  Interview at CIRM: Edward Frenkel Frenkel, Edward (Personne interviewée) | CIRM (Editeur )

Edward Frenkel is a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley, which he joined in 1997 after being on the faculty at Harvard University. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society, and the winner of the Hermann Weyl Prize in mathematical physics. Frenkel’s research is on the interface of mathematics and quantum physics, with an emphasis on the Langlands Program, which he describes as a Grand Unified Theory of mathematics. He has authored three books and over eighty scholarly articles in academic journals, and he has lectured on his work around the world. His YouTube videos have garnered millions of views.
Frenkel’s latest book Love and Math was a New York Times bestseller, has been named one of the Best Books of the year by both Amazon and iBooks, and won the Euler Book Prize from the Mathematical Association of America. It has been published in 18 languages. Frenkel has also co-produced, co-directed and played the lead in the film Rites of Love and Math.
Edward Frenkel is a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley, which he joined in 1997 after being on the faculty at Harvard University. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society, and the winner of the Hermann Weyl Prize in mathematical physics. Frenkel’s research is on the interface of mathematics and quantum physics, with an emphasis on the Langlands ...

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## Post-edited  Galois theory and walks in the quarter plane Hardouin, Charlotte (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

In the recent years, the nature of the generating series of walks in the quarter plane has attracted the attention of many authors in combinatorics and probability. The main questions are: are they algebraic, holonomic (solutions of linear differential equations) or at least hyperalgebraic (solutions of algebraic differential equations)? In this talk, we will show how the nature of the generating function can be approached via the study of a discrete functional equation over a curve E, of genus zero or one. In the first case, the functional equation corresponds to a so called q-difference equation and all the related generating series are differentially transcendental. For the genus one case, the dynamic of the functional equation corresponds to the addition by a given point P of the elliptic curve E. In that situation, one can relate the nature of the generating series to the fact that the point P is of torsion or not.
In the recent years, the nature of the generating series of walks in the quarter plane has attracted the attention of many authors in combinatorics and probability. The main questions are: are they algebraic, holonomic (solutions of linear differential equations) or at least hyperalgebraic (solutions of algebraic differential equations)? In this talk, we will show how the nature of the generating function can be approached via the study of a ...

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## Post-edited  Singular SPDE with rough coefficients Otto, Felix (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

We are interested in parabolic differential equations $(\partial_t-a\partial_x^2)u=f$ with a very irregular forcing $f$ and only mildly regular coefficients $a$. This is motivated by stochastic differential equations, where $f$ is random, and quasilinear equations, where $a$ is a (nonlinear) function of $u$.
Below a certain threshold for the regularity of $f$ and $a$ (on the Hölder scale), giving even a sense to this equation requires a renormalization. In the framework of the above setting, we present recent ideas from the area of stochastic differential equations (Lyons' rough path, Gubinelli's controlled rough paths, Hairer's regularity structures) that allow to build a solution theory. We make a connection with Safonov's approach to Schauder theory.
This is based on joint work with H. Weber, J. Sauer, and S. Smith.
We are interested in parabolic differential equations $(\partial_t-a\partial_x^2)u=f$ with a very irregular forcing $f$ and only mildly regular coefficients $a$. This is motivated by stochastic differential equations, where $f$ is random, and quasilinear equations, where $a$ is a (nonlinear) function of $u$.
Below a certain threshold for the regularity of $f$ and $a$ (on the Hölder scale), giving even a sense to this equation requires a ...

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## Post-edited  ​​​Growth of normalizing sequences in limit theorems Gouëzel, Sébastien (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

​Assume that a renormalized Birkhoff sum $S_n f/B_n$ converges in distribution to a nontrivial limit. What can one say about the sequence $B_n$? Most natural statements in the literature involve sequences $B_n$ of the form $B_n = n^\alpha L(n)$, where $L$ is slowly varying. We will discuss the possible growth rate of $B_n$ both in the probability preserving case and the conservative case. In particular, we will describe examples where $B_n$ grows superpolynomially, or where $B_{n+1}/B_n$ does not tend to $1$.
​Assume that a renormalized Birkhoff sum $S_n f/B_n$ converges in distribution to a nontrivial limit. What can one say about the sequence $B_n$? Most natural statements in the literature involve sequences $B_n$ of the form $B_n = n^\alpha L(n)$, where $L$ is slowly varying. We will discuss the possible growth rate of $B_n$ both in the probability preserving case and the conservative case. In particular, we will describe examples where $B_n$ ...

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## Post-edited  Local acyclicity in $p$-adic geometry Scholze, Peter (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Motivated by applications to the geometric Satake equivalence and in particular the construction of the fusion product, we define a notion of universally locally acyclic for rigid spaces and diamonds, and prove that it has the expected properties.

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## Post-edited  ColDICE: a parallel Vlasov-Poisson solver using moving adaptative simplicial tessellation Sousbie, Thierry (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

In this talk, I will present ColDICE[1, 2], a publicly available parallel numerical solver designed to solve the Vlasov-Poisson equations in the cold case limit. The method is based on the representation of the phase-space sheet as a conforming, self-adaptive simplicial tessellation whose vertices follow the Lagrangian equations of motion. In this presentation, I will mainly focus on describing the underlying algorithm and its practical implementation, as well as showing a few practical examples demonstrating its capabilities.
In this talk, I will present ColDICE[1, 2], a publicly available parallel numerical solver designed to solve the Vlasov-Poisson equations in the cold case limit. The method is based on the representation of the phase-space sheet as a conforming, self-adaptive simplicial tessellation whose vertices follow the Lagrangian equations of motion. In this presentation, I will mainly focus on describing the underlying algorithm and its practical ...

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## Post-edited  Interview at CIRM: Terence Tao Tao, Terence (Personne interviewée) | CIRM (Editeur )

Terence Tao (born 17 July 1975) is an Australian-American mathematician who has worked in various areas of mathematics. He currently focuses on harmonic analysis, partial differential equations, algebraic combinatorics, arithmetic combinatorics, geometric combinatorics, compressed sensing and analytic number theory. As of 2015, he holds the James and Carol Collins chair in mathematics at the University of California, Los Angeles. Tao was a co-recipient of the 2006 Fields Medal and the 2014 Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics.
Terence Tao (born 17 July 1975) is an Australian-American mathematician who has worked in various areas of mathematics. He currently focuses on harmonic analysis, partial differential equations, algebraic combinatorics, arithmetic combinatorics, geometric combinatorics, compressed sensing and analytic number theory. As of 2015, he holds the James and Carol Collins chair in mathematics at the University of California, Los Angeles. Tao was a ...

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## Post-edited  Bootstrap percolation on Erdos-Renyi graphs Angel, Omer (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

We consider bootstrap percolation on the Erdos-Renyi graph: given an initial infected set, a vertex becomes infected if it has at least $r$ infected neighbours. The graph is susceptible if there exists an initial set of size $r$ that infects the whole graph. We identify the critical threshold for susceptibility. We also analyse Bollobas's related graph-bootstrap percolation model.
Joint with Brett Kolesnik.

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## Post-edited  Pathwise or quasi-sure towards dynamic robust framework for pricing and hedging Obloj, Jan (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

I discuss some recent developments related to the robust framework for pricing and hedging in discrete time. I introduce pointwise approach based on pathspace restrictions and compare it with the quasi-sure setting of Bouchard and Nutz (2015), and show that their versions of the Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing and the Pricing-Hedging duality may be deduced one from the other via a construction of a suitable set of paths which represents a given set of measures. I show that the setup with statically traded hedging instruments can be naturally lifted to a setup with only dynamically traded assets without changing the superhedging prices. This allows one to deduce, in particular, a pricing-hedging duality for American options. Subsequently, I focus on the superhedging problem and discuss the choice of a trading strategy amongst all feasible super-hedging strategies. First, I establish existence of a minimal superhedging strategy and characterise its value via a concave envelope construction. Then I introduce a secondary problem of maximisation of expected utility of consumption. Building on Nutz (2014) and Blanchard and Carassus (2017) I provide suitable assumptions under which an optimal strategy exists and is unique. Finally, I also explain how additional information can be seen as a further restriction of the pathspace. This allows one to quantify to value of such a new information. The talk is based on a number of recent works (see references) as well as ongoing research with Johannes Wiesel.
I discuss some recent developments related to the robust framework for pricing and hedging in discrete time. I introduce pointwise approach based on pathspace restrictions and compare it with the quasi-sure setting of Bouchard and Nutz (2015), and show that their versions of the Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing and the Pricing-Hedging duality may be deduced one from the other via a construction of a suitable set of paths which represents a ...

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## Post-edited  Variational and non-Archimedean aspects of the Yau-Tian-Donaldson conjecture Boucksom, Sébastien (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

I will discuss some recent developments in the direction of the Yau-Tian-Donaldson conjecture, which relates the existence of constant scalar curvature Kähler metrics to the algebro-geometric notion of $K$-stability. The emphasis will be put on the use of pluripotential theory and the interpretation of $K$-stability in terms of non-Archimedean geometry.

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## Post-edited  Mathematical modelling of angiogenesis Maini, Philip (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

Tumour vascular is highly disordered and has been the subject of intense interest both clinically (anti-angiogenesis therapies) and theoretically (many models have been proposed). In this talk, I will review aspects of modelling tumour angiogenesis and how different modelling assumptions impact conclusions on oxygen delivery and, therefore, predictions on the possible effects of radiation treatments.

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## Post-edited  Structure of hyperbolic manifolds - Lecture 1 Purcell, Jessica (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur )

In these lectures, we will review what it means for a 3-manifold to have a hyperbolic structure, and give tools to show that a manifold is hyperbolic. We will also discuss how to decompose examples of 3-manifolds, such as knot complements, into simpler pieces. We give conditions that allow us to use these simpler pieces to determine information about the hyperbolic geometry of the original manifold. Most of the tools we present were developed in the 1970s, 80s, and 90s, but continue to have modern applications.
In these lectures, we will review what it means for a 3-manifold to have a hyperbolic structure, and give tools to show that a manifold is hyperbolic. We will also discuss how to decompose examples of 3-manifolds, such as knot complements, into simpler pieces. We give conditions that allow us to use these simpler pieces to determine information about the hyperbolic geometry of the original manifold. Most of the tools we present were developed in ...

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