Résumé : Cohomology jump loci of local systems generalize the Milnor monodromy eigenvalues. We address recent progress on the local and global structure of cohomology jump loci. More generally, given an object with a notion of cohomology theory, how can one describe all its deformations subject to cohomology constraints? We give an answer in terms of differential graded Lie algebra pairs. This is joint work with Botong Wang.