Résumé : (joint work with Peter Scholze) In our joint work with Scholze we need to give a meaning to statements like "the stack of principal G-bundles on the curve is smooth of dimension 0" and construct "smooth perfectoid charts on it". The problem is that in the perfectoid world there is no infinitesimals and thus no Jacobian criterion that would allow us to define what is a smooth morphism. The good notion in this setting is the one of a cohomologically smooth morphism, a morphism that satisfies relative Poincaré duality. I will explain a Jacobian criterion of cohomological smoothness for moduli spaces of sections of smooth algebraic varieties over the curve that allows us to solve our problems.