CIRM - Videos & books Library - Numerical methods for mean field games - Lecture 1: Introduction to the system of PDEs and its interpretation. Uniqueness of classical solutions

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Authors : Achdou, Yves (Author of the conference)
CIRM (Publisher )

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Abstract : Recently, an important research activity on mean field games (MFGs for short) has been initiated by the pioneering works of Lasry and Lions: it aims at studying the asymptotic behavior of stochastic differential games (Nash equilibria) as the number $n$ of agents tends to infinity. The field is now rapidly growing in several directions, including stochastic optimal control, analysis of PDEs, calculus of variations, numerical analysis and computing, and the potential applications to economics and social sciences are numerous.
In the limit when $n \to +\infty$, a given agent feels the presence of the others through the statistical distribution of the states. Assuming that the perturbations of a single agent's strategy does not influence the statistical states distribution, the latter acts as a parameter in the control problem to be solved by each agent. When the dynamics of the agents are independent stochastic processes, MFGs naturally lead to a coupled system of two partial differential equations (PDEs for short), a forward Fokker-Planck equation and a backward Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation.
The latter system of PDEs has closed form solutions in very few cases only. Therefore, numerical simulation are crucial in order to address applications. The present mini-course will be devoted to numerical methods that can be used to approximate the systems of PDEs.
The numerical schemes that will be presented rely basically on monotone approximations of the Hamiltonian and on a suitable weak formulation of the Fokker-Planck equation.
These schemes have several important features:

- The discrete problem has the same structure as the continous one, so existence, energy estimates, and possibly uniqueness can be obtained with the same kind of arguments

- Monotonicity guarantees the stability of the scheme: it is robust in the deterministic limit

- convergence to classical or weak solutions can be proved

Finally, there are particular cases named variational MFGS in which the system of PDEs can be seen as the optimality conditions of some optimal control problem driven by a PDE. In such cases, augmented Lagrangian methods can be used for solving the discrete nonlinear system. The mini-course will be orgamized as follows

1. Introduction to the system of PDEs and its interpretation. Uniqueness of classical solutions.

2. Monotone finite difference schemes

3. Examples of applications

4. Variational MFG and related algorithms for solving the discrete system of nonlinear equations

MSC Codes :
35K40 - Second-order parabolic systems
35K55 - Nonlinear parabolic equations
49K20 - Optimal control problems with PDE (optimality conditions)
65K10 - Optimization and variational techniques
65M06 - Finite difference methods (IVP of PDE)
65M12 - Stability and convergence of numerical methods (IVP of PDE)
91A15 - Stochastic games
91A23 - Differential games
35F21 - Hamilton-Jacobi equations
35Q84 - Fokker-Planck equations
49N70 - Differential games in calculus of variations

Additional resources :
http://smai.emath.fr/cemracs/cemracs17/Slides/achdou.pdf

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Hennenfent, Guillaume

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https://videos.cirm-math.fr/2017-07-17_Achdou_part1.mp4

Information on the Event

Event Title : CEMRACS - Summer school: Numerical methods for stochastic models: control, uncertainty quantification, mean-field / CEMRACS - École d'été : Méthodes numériques pour équations stochastiques : contrôle, incertitude, champ moyen
Event Organizers : Bouchard, Bruno ; Chassagneux, Jean-François ; Delarue, François ; Gobet, Emmanuel ; Lelong, Jérôme
Dates : 17/07/17 - 25/08/17
Event Year : 2017
Event URL : http://conferences.cirm-math.fr/1556.html

Citation Data

DOI : 10.24350/CIRM.V.19201903
Cite this video as: Achdou, Yves (2017). Numerical methods for mean field games - Lecture 1: Introduction to the system of PDEs and its interpretation. Uniqueness of classical solutions. CIRM. Audiovisual resource. doi:10.24350/CIRM.V.19201903
URI : http://dx.doi.org/10.24350/CIRM.V.19201903

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Bibliography

Achdou, Y., & Porretta, A. (2016). Convergence of a finite difference scheme to weak solutions of the system of partial differential equation arising in mean field games. SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, 54(1), 161-186 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/15M1015455

Achdou, Y., & Capuzzo-Dolcetta, I. (2010). Mean field games: numerical methods. SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis, 48(3), 1136-1162 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/090758477

Benamou, J.-D., & Carlier, G. (2015). Augmented Lagrangian methods for transport optimization, mean field games and degenerate elliptic equations. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 167(1), 1-26 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10957-015-0725-9

Cardaliaguet, P., Graber, P.J., Porretta, A., & Tonon, D. (2015). Second order mean field games with degenerate diffusion and local coupling. NoDEA. Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications, 22(5), 1287-1317 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00030-015-0323-4

Cardaliaguet, P., Delarue, F., Lasry, J.-M., & Lions, P.-L. (2015). The master equation and the convergence problem in mean field games. - https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.02505

Cardaliaguet, P. (2013). Notes on mean field games. Preprint - https://www.ceremade.dauphine.fr/~cardaliaguet/MFG20130420.pdf

Lasry, J.-M., & Lions, P.-L. (2007). Mean field games. Japanese Journal of Mathematics, 2(1), 229-260 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11537-007-0657-8

Porretta, A. (2015). Weak solutions to Fokker-Planck equations and mean field games. Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis, 216(1), 1-62 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00205-014-0799-9

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