Recent work has clarified how various natural second-order set-theoretic principles, such as those concerned with class forcing or with proper class games, fit into a new robust hierarchy of second-order set theories between Gödel-Bernays GBC set theory and Kelley-Morse KM set theory and beyond. For example, the principle of clopen determinacy for proper class games is exactly equivalent to the principle of elementary transfinite recursion ETR, strictly between GBC and GBC+$\Pi^1_1$-comprehension; open determinacy for class games, in contrast, is strictly stronger; meanwhile, the class forcing theorem, asserting that every class forcing notion admits corresponding forcing relations, is strictly weaker, and is exactly equivalent to the fragment $\text{ETR}_{\text{Ord}}$ and to numerous other natural principles. What is emerging is a higher set-theoretic analogue of the familiar reverse mathematics of second-order number theory.[-]

Universally Baire sets play an important role in studying canonical models with large cardinals. But to reach higher large cardinals more complicated objects, for example, canonical subsets of universally Baire sets come into play. Inspired by core model induction, we introduce the definable powerset $A^{\infty }$ of the universally Baire sets $\Gamma ^{\infty }$ and show that, after collapsing a large cardinal, $L(A^{\infty })$ is a model of determinacy and its theory cannot be changed by forcing. Moreover, we show a similar result for adding a club filter to the model constructed over universally Baire sets.[-]