Artur Avila est un mathématicien franco-brésilien, il travaille principalement dans les domaines des systèmes dynamiques et de la théorie spectrale. Il a obtenu la Médaille Fields en 2014.

Fiche Wikipédia : https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artur_Á...

Interview/réalisation/post-production : Stéphanie Vareilles
Cadrage/son/technique : Guillaume Hennenfent - Le Chromophore

Artur Avila is a Franco-Brazilian mathematician, working mainly in the fields of dynamical systems and spectral theory. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 2014.

Wikipedia entry: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artur_Á...

Interview/realization/post-production: Stéphanie Vareilles
Camera: Guillaume Hennenfent - Le Chromophore[-]

L'écologie est une discipline quantitative dans laquelle les mathématiques sont présentes sous différentes formes depuis très longtemps. En conséquence, l'arrivée massive d'ordinateurs de plus en plus puissants dans les laboratoires dans les dernières décennies, a conduit à une explosion de la modélisation dans ce domaine, sous forme de calculs numériques mais également par l'analyse mathématique de modèles relativement simples. Cette croissance importante de l'activité de modélisation mathématique a été accompagnée par une augmentation de la complexité des modèles d'écologie qui tentent d'intégrer la plus grosse quantité de processus connus possible. Parallèlement, les moyens d'expérimentations et d'observation du milieu naturel n'ont pas cessé de s'améliorer, produisant ainsi des bases de données de plus en plus complètes dans la description du fonctionnement des écosystèmes. Paradoxalement, la formulation de base des processus utilisée dans les modèles complexes est toujours la même et fondée sur des expérimentations réalisées dans des conditions homogènes de laboratoire au cours du XXème siècle. Nous posons la question de l'intérêt d'une description adéquate d'un écosystème pour comprendre ses réponses à différentes perturbations. Une approche consiste à utiliser des formulations mécanistes des processus, c'est à dire des formulations fondées sur des détails expliquant la cause de la réalisation des processus, plutôt que des formulations empiriques acquises dans des conditions différentes du milieu dans lequel on les applique. Cette prise en compte des mécanismes induit encore un surcroit de complexité. Les mathématiques fournissent un ensemble d'idées et de méthodes permettant tout d'abord de produire des formulations adaptées à la prise en compte des mécanismes et également d'aborder cette complexité des modèles écosystémiques, voire dans certains cas de la réduire. Nous illustrerons cette démarche à travers des exemples d'applications variés.[-]

Alexander Bufetov got his Diploma in Mathematics at the Independent University of Moscow in 1999 and his PhD at Princeton University in 2005. After one year as a Postdoctoral student at the University of Chicago, he was employed as an Assistant Professor at Rice University where he also held the 'Edgar Odell Lovett Junior Chair'. In 2009, Alexander Bufetov joined the Steklov Mathematical Institute where he passed his habilitation thesis in order to supervise PhD students. In 2012, he became a CNRS Senior Researcher for the LATP (Laboratoire d'Analyse, Topologie, Probabilités) department at Aix-Marseille University.
Alexander Bufetov has received several prizes: a Prize by Moscow Mathematical Society in 2005, a grant by the Sloan Foundation and a grant from the President of the Russian Federation in 2010 and also a grant from the Simons Foundation at the Independent University of Moscow in 2011.
His research area is the Ergodic theory of dynamical systems.[-]

Igor Shparlinski held the Jean Morlet Chair from February 2014 to August 2014. This chair was linked in parts to the thematic month on 'Arithmetics' which took part in February 2014 at CIRM. Igor Shparlinski has a career in Number theory and its applications to cryptography, with significant overlap with the research interests of the groups Dynamique Arithmétique, Combinatoire (DAC) and Arithmétique et Théorie de l'Information (ATI) in Marseille. The idea was to start the month with a week on 'Unlikely Intersections' followed by a workshop organized by members of the DAC research group. Weeks 3 and 4 were on 'Frobenius distributions' and were co-organized with the ATI group. The focus was to introduce and explore new directions of research around the proof of the Sato-Tate conjecture, its generalizations, and the related Lang-Trotter conjecture. Continuing the progression to the interactions of arithmetics with geometry, the thematic month closed with a week on the topic 'On the Conjectures of Lang and Volta'.
CIRM - Chaire Jean-Morlet 2014 - Aix-Marseille Université[-]

The Jean Morlet Chair is a scientific collaboration between CIRM -CNRS-SMF-, Aix-Marseille Université and the City of Marseille. Two international calls are launched every year to attract innovative researchers in an area of mathematical sciences. Selected candidates who must come from a foreign institution can spend a semester in residence at CIRM, where they run a full program of mathematical events in collaboration with a local project holder. Hans-Georg Feichtinger (University of Vienna) and Bruno Torresani (I2M Marseille) have been in charge of the second semester 2014 which will end in January 2015. The focus is on 'Computational Time-Frequency and Coorbit Theory'. Starting with a Research in Pairs event at the end of August, then three larger events-a School for young scientists, a main Conference and Small group- rather close in dates to enable participants to stay for more than one event, their semester will end on a second Research in Pairs in January 2015 and a celebratory event at the very end of the semester to celebrate 30 years of wavelets.
CIRM - Chaire Jean-Morlet 2014 - Aix-Marseille Université[-]

Michael ARTIN participated in the "Artin Approximation and Infinite dimensional Geometry" event organized at CIRM in March 2015, which was part of the Jean-Morlet semester held by Herwig Hauser. Michael Artin is an American mathematician and a professor emeritus in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology mathematics department, known for his contributions to algebraic geometry and also generally recognized as one of the outstanding professors in his field. Artin was born in Hamburg, Germany, and brought up in Indiana. His parents were Natalia Jasny (Natascha) and Emil Artin, a preeminent algebraist of the 20th century. In 2002, Artin won the American Mathematical Society's annual Steele Prize for Lifetime Achievement. In 2005, he was awarded the Harvard Centennial Medal. He won the Wolf Prize in Mathematics. He is also a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, and the American Mathematical Society.[-]

Dusa McDuff is the Helen Lyttle Kimmel '42 Professor of Mathematics at Barnard College. At Barnard, she currently teaches "Calculus I", "Perspectives in Mathematics" and courses in geometry and topology.
Professor McDuff gained her early teaching experience at the University of York (U.K.), the University of Warwick (U.K.) and MIT. In 1978, she joined the faculty of the Department of Mathematics at SUNY Stony Brook, where she was awarded the title of Distinguished Professor in 1998.
Professor McDuff has honorary doctorates from the University of Edinburgh, the University of York, the University of Strasbourg and the University of St Andrews. She is a fellow of the Royal Society, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, a member of the American Philosophical Society, and an honorary fellow of Girton College, Cambridge.
She has received the Satter Prize from the American Mathematical Society and the Outstanding Woman Scientist Award from AWIS (Association for Women in Science).
Professor McDuff's service to the mathematical community has been extensive. She is particularly interested in issues connected with the position of women in mathematics, and currently serves on the MSRI Board of Trustees. Together with Dietmar Salamon, she has written several foundational books on symplectic topology as well as many research articles.[-]

Curtis Tracy McMullen (born 21 May 1958) is Professor of Mathematics at Harvard University. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1998 for his work in complex dynamics, hyperbolic geometry and Teichmüller theory. McMullen graduated as valedictorian in 1980 from Williams College and obtained his Ph.D. in 1985 from Harvard University, supervised by Dennis Sullivan. He held post-doctoral positions at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute, and the Institute for Advanced Study, after which he was on the faculty at Princeton University (1987–1990) and the University of California, Berkeley (1990–1997), before joining Harvard in 1997. He received the Salem Prize in 1991 and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2007. In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.[-]

Herwig Hauser (Chair) and Guillaume Rond (Local Project Leader) held a Jean Morlet semester at CIRM from mid January to mid July 2015. Their scientific programme focused on 'Artin Approximation and Singularity Theory'. Artin Approximation concerns the solvability of algebraic equations in spaces of formal, convergent or algebraic power series. The classical version asserts that if a formal solution exists, then there also exists a convergent, hence analytic, and even algebraic solution which approximates the formal solution up to any given degree. As such, the theorem is instrumental for numerous constructions in algebraic geometry, commutative algebra and recursion theory in combinatorics. A series is Nash or algebraic if it is algebraic over the polynomials. Nash series can be codified by polynomial data deduced from the minimal polynomial by the normalization of the respective algebraic hypersurface. This makes them computable. The field has seen renewed activity through the recent research on Arc Spaces, Motivic Integration and Infinite Dimensional Geometry. Important questions remain still unanswered (nested subring case, composition problems, structure theorems for the solution sets) and were investigated during the program. Fruitful interchanges with the singularity theory, the combinatorics and the algebraic geometry groups took place. The scientific program was complemented by an exhibition of algebraic surfaces in the city of Marseille, based on the very successful "Imaginary" program designed by Hauser for the Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach.
CIRM - Chaire Jean-Morlet 2015 - Aix-Marseille Université[-]