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Quantum optical systems provides one of the best physical settings to engineer quantum many-body systems of atoms and photons, which can be controlled and measured on the level of single quanta. In this course we will provide an introduction to quantum optics from the perspective of control and measurement, and in light of possible applications including quantum computing and quantum communication.
The first part of the course will introduce the basic quantum optical systems and concepts as ’closed’ (i.e. isolated) quantum systems. We start with laser driven two-level atoms, the Jaynes-Cummings model of Cavity Quantum Electro-dynamics, and illustrate with the example of trapped ions control of the quantum motion of atoms via laser light. This will lead us to the model system of an ion trap quantum computer where we employ control ideas to design quantum gates.
In the second part of the course we will consider open quantum optical systems. Here the system of interest is coupled to a bosonic bath or environment (e.g. vacuum modes of the radiation field), providing damping and decoherence. We will develop the theory for the example of a radiatively damped two-level atom, and derive the corresponding master equation, and discuss its solution and physical interpretation. On a more advanced level, and as link to the mathematical literature, we establish briefly the connection to topics like continuous measurement theory (of photon counting), the Quantum Stochastic Schrödinger Equation, and quantum trajectories (here as as time evolution of a radiatively damped atom conditional to observing a given photon count trajectory). As an example of the application of the formalism we discuss quantum state transfer in a quantum optical network.
Parts of this video related to ongoing unpublished research have been cut off.

Quantum optical systems provides one of the best physical settings to engineer quantum many-body systems of atoms and photons, which can be controlled and measured on the level of single quanta. In this course we will provide an introduction to quantum optics from the perspective of control and measurement, and in light of possible applications including quantum computing and quantum communication.
The first part of the course will introduce the ...

81P68 ; 81V80

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Aim of the lecture is to give an introduction to $K3$ surfaces, that are special algebraic surfaces with an extremely rich geometry. The most easy example of such a surface is the Fermat quartic in complex three-dimensional space.
The name $K3$ was given by André Weil in 1958 in honour of the three remarkable mathematicians: Kummer, Kähler and Kodaira and of the beautiful K2 mountain at Cachemire.
The topics of the lecture are the following:

* $K3$ surfaces in the Enriques-Kodaira classification.
* Examples; Kummer surfaces.
* Basic properties of $K3$ surfaces; Torelli theorem and surjectivity of the period map.
* The study of automorphisms on $K3$ surfaces: basic facts, examples.
* Symplectic automorphisms of $K3$ surfaces, classification, moduli spaces.

Aim of the lecture is to give an introduction to $K3$ surfaces, that are special algebraic surfaces with an extremely rich geometry. The most easy example of such a surface is the Fermat quartic in complex three-dimensional space.
The name $K3$ was given by André Weil in 1958 in honour of the three remarkable mathematicians: Kummer, Kähler and Kodaira and of the beautiful K2 mountain at Cachemire.
The topics of the lecture are the following:

* ...

14J10 ; 14J28 ; 14J50 ; 14C20 ; 14C22 ; 14J27 ; 14L30

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68Q25 ; 68Q42 ; 90C39 ; 92D20 ; 92E10

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In these lectures, we will review what it means for a 3-manifold to have a hyperbolic structure, and give tools to show that a manifold is hyperbolic. We will also discuss how to decompose examples of 3-manifolds, such as knot complements, into simpler pieces. We give conditions that allow us to use these simpler pieces to determine information about the hyperbolic geometry of the original manifold. Most of the tools we present were developed in the 1970s, 80s, and 90s, but continue to have modern applications.

In these lectures, we will review what it means for a 3-manifold to have a hyperbolic structure, and give tools to show that a manifold is hyperbolic. We will also discuss how to decompose examples of 3-manifolds, such as knot complements, into simpler pieces. We give conditions that allow us to use these simpler pieces to determine information about the hyperbolic geometry of the original manifold. Most of the tools we present were developed in ...

57M27 ; 57M50 ; 57M25

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I will present results on the dynamics of horocyclic flows on the unit tangent bundle of hyperbolic surfaces, density and equidistribution properties in particular. I will focus on infinite volume hyperbolic surfaces. My aim is to show how these properties are related to dynamical properties of geodesic flows, as product structure, ergodicity, mixing, ...

37D40

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We discuss the distribution of the trace of a random matrix in the compact Lie group USp2g, with the normalized Haar measure. According to the generalized Sato-Tate conjecture, if A is an abelian variety of dimension g defined over the rationals, the sequence of traces of Frobenius in the successive reductions of A modulo primes appears to be equidistributed with respect to this distribution. If g = 2, we provide expressions for the characteristic function, the density, and the repartition function of this distribution in terms of higher transcendental functions, namely Legendre and Meijer functions.

We discuss the distribution of the trace of a random matrix in the compact Lie group USp2g, with the normalized Haar measure. According to the generalized Sato-Tate conjecture, if A is an abelian variety of dimension g defined over the rationals, the sequence of traces of Frobenius in the successive reductions of A modulo primes appears to be equidistributed with respect to this distribution. If g = 2, we provide expressions for the cha...

11G05 ; 11G10 ; 14G10 ; 37C30

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Left-handed flows are 3-dimensional flows which have a particular topological property, namely that every pair of periodic orbits is negatively linked. This property (introduced by Ghys in 2007) implies the existence of as many Bikrhoff sections as possible, and therefore allows to reduce the flow to a suspension in many different ways. It then becomes natural to look for examples. A construction of Birkhoff (1917) suggests that geodesic flows are good candidates. In this conference we determine on which hyperbolic orbifolds is the geodesic flow left-handed: the answer is that yes if the surface is a sphere with three cone points, and no otherwise.
dynamical system - geodesic flow - knot - periodic orbit - global section - linking number - fibered knot

Left-handed flows are 3-dimensional flows which have a particular topological property, namely that every pair of periodic orbits is negatively linked. This property (introduced by Ghys in 2007) implies the existence of as many Bikrhoff sections as possible, and therefore allows to reduce the flow to a suspension in many different ways. It then becomes natural to look for examples. A construction of Birkhoff (1917) suggests that geodesic flows ...

37C27 ; 37C15 ; 37C10 ; 57M25

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This course presents an overview of modern Bayesian strategies for solving imaging inverse problems. We will start by introducing the Bayesian statistical decision theory framework underpinning Bayesian analysis, and then explore efficient numerical methods for performing Bayesian computation in large-scale settings. We will pay special attention to high-dimensional imaging models that are log-concave w.r.t. the unknown image, related to so-called “convex imaging problems”. This will provide an opportunity to establish connections with the convex optimisation and machine learning approaches to imaging, and to discuss some of their relative strengths and drawbacks. Examples of topics covered in the course include: efficient stochastic simulation and optimisation numerical methods that tightly combine proximal convex optimisation with Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques; strategies for estimating unknown model parameters and performing model selection, methods for calculating Bayesian confidence intervals for images and performing uncertainty quantification analyses; and new theory regarding the role of convexity in maximum-a-posteriori and minimum-mean-square-error estimation. The theory, methods, and algorithms are illustrated with a range of mathematical imaging experiments.

This course presents an overview of modern Bayesian strategies for solving imaging inverse problems. We will start by introducing the Bayesian statistical decision theory framework underpinning Bayesian analysis, and then explore efficient numerical methods for performing Bayesian computation in large-scale settings. We will pay special attention to high-dimensional imaging models that are log-concave w.r.t. the unknown image, related to ...

49N45 ; 65C40 ; 65C60 ; 65J22 ; 68U10 ; 62C10 ; 62F15 ; 94A08

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Motivated by the spectrogram (or short-time Fourier transform) basic principles of linear algebra are explained, preparing for the more general case of Gabor frames in time-frequency analysis. The importance of the singular value decomposition and the four spaces associated with a matrix is pointed out, and based on this the pseudo-inverse (leading later to the dual Gabor frame) and the Loewdin (symmetric) orthogonalization are explained.
CIRM - Chaire Jean-Morlet 2014 - Aix-Marseille Université

Motivated by the spectrogram (or short-time Fourier transform) basic principles of linear algebra are explained, preparing for the more general case of Gabor frames in time-frequency analysis. The importance of the singular value decomposition and the four spaces associated with a matrix is pointed out, and based on this the pseudo-inverse (leading later to the dual Gabor frame) and the Loewdin (symmetric) orthogonalization are explained.
CIRM - ...

15-XX ; 41-XX ; 42-XX ; 46-XX

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A number of probabilistic systems which can be analyzed in great detail due to certain algebraic structures behind them. These systems include certain directed polymer models, random growth process, interacting particle systems and stochastic PDEs; their analysis yields information on certain universality classes, such as the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang; and these structures include Macdonald processes and quantum integrable systems. We will provide background on this growing area of research and delve into a few of the recent developments.

Kardar-Parisi-Zhang - interacting particle systems - random growth processes - directed polymers - Markov duality - quantum integrable systems - Bethe ansatz - asymmetric simple exclusion process - stochastic partial differential equations

A number of probabilistic systems which can be analyzed in great detail due to certain algebraic structures behind them. These systems include certain directed polymer models, random growth process, interacting particle systems and stochastic PDEs; their analysis yields information on certain universality classes, such as the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang; and these structures include Macdonald processes and quantum integrable systems. We will provide ...

82C22 ; 82B23 ; 60H15

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In this series of four lectures we develop the necessary background from commutative algebra to study solution sets of algebraic equations in power series rings. A good comprehension of the geometry of such sets should then yield in particular a "geometric" proof of the Artin approximation theorem.
In the first lecture, we review various power series rings (formal, convergent, algebraic), their topology ($m$-adic, resp. inductive limit of Banach spaces), and give a conceptual proof of the Weierstrass division theorem.
Lecture two covers smooth, unramified and étale morphisms between noetherian rings. The relation of these notions with the concepts of submersion, immersion and diffeomorphism from differential geometry is given.
In the third lecture, we investigate ring extensions between the three power series rings and describe the respective flatness properties. This allows us to prove approximation in the linear case.
The last lecture is devoted to the geometry of solution sets in power series spaces. We construct in the case of one $x$-variable an isomorphism of an $m$-adic neighborhood of a solution with the cartesian product of a (singular) scheme of finite type with an (infinite dimensional) smooth space, thus extending the factorization theorem of Grinberg-Kazhdan-Drinfeld.
CIRM - Chaire Jean-Morlet 2015 - Aix-Marseille Université

In this series of four lectures we develop the necessary background from commutative algebra to study solution sets of algebraic equations in power series rings. A good comprehension of the geometry of such sets should then yield in particular a "geometric" proof of the Artin approximation theorem.
In the first lecture, we review various power series rings (formal, convergent, algebraic), their topology ($m$-adic, resp. inductive limit of Banach ...

13J05

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The space of formal arcs of an algebraic variety carries part of the information encoded in a resolution of singularities. This series of lectures addresses this fact from two perspectives. In the first two lectures, we focus on the topology of the space of arcs, proving Kolchin's irreducibility theorem and discussing the Nash problem on families of arcs through the singularities of the variety; recent results on this problem are proved in the second lecture. The last two lectures are devoted to some applications of arc spaces toward a conjecture on minimal log discrepancies known as inversion of adjunction. Minimal log discrepancies are invariants of singularities appearing in the minimal model program, a quick overview of which is given in the third lecture.

The space of formal arcs of an algebraic variety carries part of the information encoded in a resolution of singularities. This series of lectures addresses this fact from two perspectives. In the first two lectures, we focus on the topology of the space of arcs, proving Kolchin's irreducibility theorem and discussing the Nash problem on families of arcs through the singularities of the variety; recent results on this problem are proved in the ...

14E18 ; 14E15 ; 13A18 ; 14B05 ; 14E30

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La géométrie stochastique est l'étude d'objets issus de la géométrie euclidienne dont le comportement relève du hasard. Si les premiers problèmes de probabilités géométriques ont été posés sous la forme de casse-têtes mathématiques, le domaine s'est considérablement développé depuis une cinquantaine d'années de part ses multiples applications, notamment en sciences expérimentales, et aussi ses liens avec l'analyse d'algorithmes géométriques. L'exposé sera centré sur la description des polytopes aléatoires qui sont construits comme enveloppes convexes d'un ensemble aléatoire de points. On s'intéressera plus particulièrement aux cas d'un nuage de points uniformes dans un corps convexe fixé ou d'un nuage de points gaussiens et on se focalisera sur l'étude asymptotique de grandeurs aléatoires associées, en particulier via des calculs de variances limites. Seront également évoqués d'autres modèles classiques de la géométrie aléatoire tels que la mosaïque de Poisson-Voronoi.

La géométrie stochastique est l'étude d'objets issus de la géométrie euclidienne dont le comportement relève du hasard. Si les premiers problèmes de probabilités géométriques ont été posés sous la forme de casse-têtes mathématiques, le domaine s'est considérablement développé depuis une cinquantaine d'années de part ses multiples applications, notamment en sciences expérimentales, et aussi ses liens avec l'analyse d'algorithmes géométriques. ...

60D05 ; 60F05 ; 52A22 ; 60G55

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This is a survey talk about the Boundary Control method. The method originates from the work by Belishev in 1987. He developed the method to solve the inverse boundary value problem for the acoustic wave equation with an isotropic sound speed. The method has proven to be very versatile and it has been applied to various inverse problems for hyperbolic partial differential equations. We review recent results based on the method and explain how a geometric version of method works in the case of the wave equation for the Laplace-Beltrami operator on a compact Riemannian manifold with boundary.

This is a survey talk about the Boundary Control method. The method originates from the work by Belishev in 1987. He developed the method to solve the inverse boundary value problem for the acoustic wave equation with an isotropic sound speed. The method has proven to be very versatile and it has been applied to various inverse problems for hyperbolic partial differential equations. We review recent results based on the method and explain how a ...

35R30 ; 35L05 ; 35L20

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Theory of persistence modules is a rapidly developing field lying on the borderline between algebra, geometry and topology. It provides a very useful viewpoint at Morse theory, and at the same time is one of the cornerstones of topological data analysis. In the course I'll review foundations of this theory and focus on its applications to symplectic topology. In parts, the course is based on a recent work with Egor Shelukhin arXiv:1412.8277

37Cxx ; 37Jxx ; 53D25 ; 53D40 ; 53D42

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Les processus de fragmentation sont des modèles aléatoires pour décrire l’évolution d’objets (particules, masses) sujets à des fragmentations successives au cours du temps. L’étude de tels modèles remonte à Kolmogorov, en 1941, et ils ont depuis fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches. Ceci s’explique à la fois par de multiples motivations (le champs d’applications est vaste : biologie et génétique des populations, formation de planètes, polymérisation, aérosols, industrie minière, informatique, etc.) et par la mise en place de modèles mathématiques riches et liés à d’autres domaines bien développés en Probabilités, comme les marches aléatoires branchantes, les processus de Lévy et les arbres aléatoires. L’objet de ce mini-cours est de présenter les processus de fragmentation auto-similaires, tels qu’introduits par Bertoin au début des années 2000s. Ce sont des processus markoviens, dont la dynamique est caractérisée par une propriété de branchement (différents objets évoluent indépendamment) et une propriété d’auto-similarité (un objet se fragmente à un taux proportionnel à une certaine puissance fixée de sa masse). Nous discuterons la construction de ces processus (qui incluent des modèles avec fragmentations spontanées, plus délicats à construire) et ferons un tour d’horizon de leurs principales propriétés.

Les processus de fragmentation sont des modèles aléatoires pour décrire l’évolution d’objets (particules, masses) sujets à des fragmentations successives au cours du temps. L’étude de tels modèles remonte à Kolmogorov, en 1941, et ils ont depuis fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches. Ceci s’explique à la fois par de multiples motivations (le champs d’applications est vaste : biologie et génétique des populations, formation de planètes, ...

60G18 ; 60J25 ; 60J85

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This school consists of an array of courses which at first glance may seem to have little in common. The underlying structure relating gauge theory to enumerative geometry to number theory is string theory. In this short introduction, we will attempt to give a schematic overview of how the various topics covered in this school fit into this overarching framework.

81T30 ; 83E30

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05C15 ; 05C10

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Spherical Hecke algebra, Satake transform, and an introduction to local Langlands correspondence.
CIRM - Chaire Jean-Morlet 2016 - Aix-Marseille Université

20C08 ; 22E50 ; 11S37

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We will cover some of the more important results from commutative and noncommutative algebra as far as applications to automatic sequences, pattern avoidance, and related areas. Well give an overview of some applications of these areas to the study of automatic and regular sequences and combinatorics on words.

11B85 ; 68Q45 ; 68R15

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Research schools | enregistrements trouvés : 391

Post-edited Introduction to quantum optics - Lecture 1 Zoller, Peter (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Topics on $K3$ surfaces - Lecture 1: $K3$ surfaces in the Enriques Kodaira classification and examples Sarti, Alessandra (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Improving RNA secondary structure prediction Lorenz, Ronny (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Structure of hyperbolic manifolds - Lecture 1 Purcell, Jessica (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Horocyclic flows on hyperbolic surfaces - Part I Schapira, Barbara (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Formulas for the limiting distribution of traces of Frobenius Lachaud, Gilles (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Which geodesic flows are left-handed? Dehornoy, Pierre (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Bayesian inference and mathematical imaging - Part 3: probability and convex optimisation Pereyra, Marcelo (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Mathematical and numerical aspects of frame theory - Part 1 Feichtinger, Hans G. (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Integrable probability - Lecture 1 Corwin, Ivan (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Commutative algebra for Artin approximation - Part 1 Hauser, Herwig (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Arc spaces and singularities in the minimal model program - Lecture 1 de Fernex, Tommaso (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Autour de la géométrie stochastique : polytopes aléatoires et autres modèles Calka, Pierre (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited On the boundary control method Oksanen, Lauri (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Persistence modules and Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms - Part 1 Polterovich, Leonid (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Introduction aux processus de fragmentation - Partie 1 Haas, Bénédicte (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited School on the mathematics of strings theory : introduction Kashani-Poor, Amir-Kian (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Coloring graphs on surfaces Esperet, Louis (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited The local Langlands correspondence: functoriality, $L$-functions, gamma functions and the epsilon factors Prasad, Dipendra (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Applications of algebra to automatic sequences and pattern avoidance - Lecture 1 Bell, Jason P. (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

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Post-edited Introduction to quantum optics - Lecture 1
Zoller, Peter (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Topics on $K3$ surfaces - Lecture 1: $K3$ surfaces in the Enriques Kodaira classification and examples
Sarti, Alessandra (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Improving RNA secondary structure prediction
Lorenz, Ronny (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Structure of hyperbolic manifolds - Lecture 1
Purcell, Jessica (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Horocyclic flows on hyperbolic surfaces - Part I
Schapira, Barbara (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Formulas for the limiting distribution of traces of Frobenius
Lachaud, Gilles (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Which geodesic flows are left-handed?
Dehornoy, Pierre (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Bayesian inference and mathematical imaging - Part 3: probability and convex optimisation
Pereyra, Marcelo (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Mathematical and numerical aspects of frame theory - Part 1
Feichtinger, Hans G. (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Integrable probability - Lecture 1
Corwin, Ivan (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Commutative algebra for Artin approximation - Part 1
Hauser, Herwig (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Arc spaces and singularities in the minimal model program - Lecture 1
de Fernex, Tommaso (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Autour de la géométrie stochastique : polytopes aléatoires et autres modèles
Calka, Pierre (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited On the boundary control method
Oksanen, Lauri (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Persistence modules and Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms - Part 1
Polterovich, Leonid (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Introduction aux processus de fragmentation - Partie 1
Haas, Bénédicte (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited School on the mathematics of strings theory : introduction
Kashani-Poor, Amir-Kian (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Coloring graphs on surfaces
Esperet, Louis (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited The local Langlands correspondence: functoriality, $L$-functions, gamma functions and the epsilon factors
Prasad, Dipendra (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau

Post-edited Applications of algebra to automatic sequences and pattern avoidance - Lecture 1
Bell, Jason P. (Auteur de la Conférence) | CIRM (Editeur ) Nouveau