We will present in this talk a mathematical model for a mixture composed by solid particles immersed in a viscous liquid. In a dense regime (high concentration of solid particles), the lubrication effects are predominant in the dynamics. Our goal is to study mathematically a minimal effective model, based on compressible Navier-Stokes equations, which take into account lubrication effects via a singular dissipation term. We will also consider the regime where the viscosity of the interstitial fluid tends to 0.[-]

As a toy model for the viscous interaction of planar vortices, we consider the solution of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation with singular initial data corresponding to a pair of point vortices with opposite circulations. In the large Reynolds number regime, we construct an approximate solution which takes into account the deformation of the stream lines due to vortex interactions, as well as the corrections to the translation speed of the dipole due to finite size effects. Using energy estimates based on Arnold's variational characterization of equilibria for the Euler equation, we then show that our approximation remains valid over a very long time interval, if the viscosity is sufficiently small. This is a joint work with Michele Dolce (Lausanne), which relies on previous studies in collaboration with Vladimir Sverak (Minneapolis).[-]

In many mechanical systems where energy is conserved, the phenomenon of resonance can occur, meaning that for certain time-periodic forces, the solution of the system becomes unbounded. Examples of partial differential equations describing such systems include the wave equation and equations of linearized elasticity (Lamé system). On the other hand, resonance does not occur in systems with strong dissipation, such as systems described by the heat equation. More precisely, in such a system, there exists a unique time-periodic solution for each time-periodic right-hand side. In this lecture, we will address the question "how much dissipation is necessary to prevent the occurrence of resonance?". We will analyze periodic solutions to the so-called heat-wave system, where the wave equation is coupled with the heat conduction equation via a common boundary. In this system, dissipation only exists in the heat component, and the system can be viewed as a simplified model of fluid-structure interaction. We will demonstrate that in certain geometric configurations, there exists a unique time-periodic solution for each time-periodic right-hand side, assuming sufficient regularity of the forcing term. A counterexample illustrates that this regularity requirement is stronger than in the case of the Cauchy problem. Finally, we will discuss the open question of whether the result is valid for arbitrary geometry or if there exists a geometry where resonance can occur.[-]

We consider maximal regularity for the heat equation based on the endpoint function class BMO (the class of bounded mean oscillation). It is well known that BM O(Rn) is the endpoint class for solving the initial value problem for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and it is well suitable for solving such a problem ([3]) rather than the end-point homogeneous Besov spaces (cf. [1], [5]). First we recall basic properties of the function space BM O and show maximal regularity for the initial value problem of the Stokes equations ([4]). As an application, we consider the local well-posedness issue for the MHD equations with the Hall effect (cf. [2]). This talk is based on a joint work with Senjo Shimizu (Kyoto University).[-]

The inhomogeneous incompressible Navier-Stokes equations that govern the evolution of viscous incompressible flows with non-constant density have received a lot of attention lately. In this talk, we shall mainly focus on the singular situation where the density is discontinuous, which is in particular relevant for describing the evolution of a mixture of two incompressible and non reacting fluids with constant density, or of a drop of liquid in vacuum. We shall highlight the places where tools in harmonic analysis play a key role, and present a few open problems.[-]

The Euler-Korteweg system corresponds to compressible, inviscid fluids with capillary forces. It can be used to model diffuse interfaces. Mathematically it reads as the Euler equations with a third order dispersive perturbation corresponding to the capillary tensor.

In dimension one there exists traveling waves with equal or different limit at infinity, respectively solitons and kinks. Their stability is ruled by a simple criterion a la Grillakis-Shatah-Strauss. This talk is devoted to the construction of multiple traveling waves, namely global solutions that converge as $t\rightarrow \infty $ to a profile made of several (stable) traveling waves. The waves constructed have both solitons and kinks. Multiple traveling waves play a peculiar role in the dynamics of dispersive equations, as they correspond to solutions that follow in some sense a purely nonlinear evolution.[-]

In this talk, I will present a recent study on traveling waves solutions to a 1D biphasic Navier-Stokes system coupling compressible and incompressible phases. With this original fluid equations, we intend to model congestion (or saturation) phenomena in heterogeneous flows (mixtures, collective motion, etc.). I will first exhibit explicit partially congested propagation fronts and show that these solutions can be approached by profiles which are solutions to a singular compressible Navier-Stokes system. The last part of the talk will be dedicated to the analysis of the stability of the approximate profiles. This is a joint work with Anne-Laure Dalibard.[-]

A common way to prove global well-posedness of free boundary problems for incompressible viscous fluids is to transform the equations governing the fluid motion to a fixed domain with respect to the time variable. An elegant and physically reasonable way to do this is to introduce Lagrangian coordinates. These coordinates are given by the transformation rule

$x(t)=\xi +\int_{0}^{t}u(\tau ,\xi ) d\tau $

where $u(\tau ,\xi )$ is the velocity vector of the fluid particle at time $\tau$ that initially started at position $\xi$. The variable $x(t)$ is then the so-called Eulerian variable and belongs to the coordinate frame where the domain that is occupied by the fluid moves with time.The variable $\xi$ is the Lagrangian variable that belongs to time fixed variables. In these coordinates the fluid only occupies the domain $\Omega_{0}$ that is occupied at initial time t = 0.
To prove a global existence result for such a problem, it is important to guarantee the invertibility of this coordinate transform globally in time. By virtue of the inverse function theorem, this is the case if

$\nabla_{\xi }x(t)=Id+\int_{0}^{t}\nabla_{\xi }u(\tau ,\xi )d\tau $

is invertible. By using a Neumann series argument, this is invertible, if the integral termon the right-hand side is small in $L^{\infty }(\Omega _{0})$. Thus, it is important to have a global control of this $L^{1}$-time integral with values in $L^{\infty }(\Omega _{0})$. If the domain is bounded, this can be controlled by exponential decay properties of the corresponding semigroup operators that describe the motion of the linearized fluid equation. On unbounded domains, however, these decay properties are not true anymore. While there are technical possibilities to fix these problems if the boundary is compact, these fixes cease to work if the boundary is non-compact.
As a model problem, we consider the case where $\Omega _{0}$ is the upper half-space. To obtain estimates of the $L^{1}$-time integral we use the theorem of Da Prato and Grisvard of 1975 about maximal regularity in real interpolation spaces. The need of global in timecontrol, however, makes it necessary to work out a version of this theorem that involves “homogeneous” estimates only (this was also done in the book of Markus Haase). In the talk, we show how to obtain this global Lagrangian coordinate transform from this theorem of Da Prato and Grisvard.[-]